Can you refer me to a reliable website that might provide a tutorial? Also, I need a present value table that will enable me to do this calculation for a term of 35 years or more.
I need a refresher in computing the present value of a series of monthly payments.
Answers
You don't need a website or a table. Good 'ol
Just piling on with my 2 ¢; I think Lee's got it well covered. All of the popular spreadsheets (e.g., Calc, Excel, Gnumeric) have PV functions built in.
If you need the PV of a series of level payments---such as you'd have with a typical mortgage loan---you can call the spreadsheet's PV function and give it the three necessary arguments (discount rate, amount of each periodic payment, total number of payments), and it'll return the stream's PV.
There's also a separate built-in function for a scenario involving a sequence of cash flows which vary in amount. See the spreadsheet's help docs for more details.
PV tables have really been rendered obsolete by the foregoing. With preprinted tables you'll have to interpolate your answer unless your particular situation just happens to exactly match one of the rate / term combos provided on the table. With a spreadsheet function you get a precise answer for any given set of facts; no interpolation required.
Back to the situation it sounded like you're specifically asking about---a series of (constant) payments over some number of periods: if you wanna rock it old school with a pocket calculator, there's a simple closed-form formula for the PV:
P * [1 - (1 + r)^(-n)] / r
where P, r, and n are, respectively, the periodic payment amount, the discount rate, and the number of payments. Remember to express r as a monthly rate if the payments are being made monthly, and n should thus be the number of months.
With that formula you can whip out the PV of any constant-payment mortgage, for any number of periods, using nothing more than a $7 pocket calculator and 30 seconds of your time (although with the number of keystrokes reduced considerably if you're using a calculator which can handle exponentiation).
A follow on to Dave's formula. The following is how the formula would look in Excel. Assuming the interest rate is 5% and year 0 is in A1, year 1 in A2...
=$A$1+$B$1/1.05+$C$1/(1.05^2)+$D$1/(1.05^3)....
I tend to use the formula more than the "PV" function.
Also, one could use a financial calculator, such as Texa Instruments BAII Plus. Most calculators come from the factory set to monthly compounding, which I usually cahnge to annual. With the default setting, put in the full annual discount rate of I/Y.